Appendix J: Solubility Product Constant

Solubility Product Constants for Select Compounds

Ksp determined at 25 °C.

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Substance

Ksp

Aluminum Compounds

AlAsO4

1.6 × 1016

Al(OH)3 amorphous

1.3 × 1033

AlPO4

6.3 × 1019

Barium Compounds

Ba3(AsO4)2

8.0 × 1015

BaCO3

5.1 × 109

BaC2O4

1.6 × 107

BaCrO4

1.2 × 1010

BaF2

1.0 × 106

Ba(OH)2

5 × 103

Ba3(PO4)2

3.4 × 1023

BaSeO4

3.5 × 108

BaSO4

1.1 × 1010

BaSO3

8 × 107

BaS2O3

1.6 × 105

Bismuth Compounds

BiAsO4

4.4 × 1010

BiOCl

1.8 × 1031

BiO(OH)

4 × 1010

Bi(OH)3

4 × 1031

BiI3

8.1 × 1019

BiPO4

1.3 × 1023

Cadmium Compounds

Cd3(AsO4)2

2.2 × 1033

CdCO3

5.2 × 1012

Cd(CN)2

1.0 × 108

Cd2[Fe(CN)6]

3.2 × 1017

Cd(OH)2 fresh

2.5 × 1014

Calcium Compounds

Ca3(AsO4)2

6.8 × 1019

CaCO3

2.8 × 109

CaCrO4

7.1 × 104

CaC2O4·H2O§

4 × 109

CaF2

5.3 × 109

Ca(OH)2

5.5 × 106

CaHPO4

1 × 107

Ca3(PO4)2

2.0 × 1029

CaSeO4

8.1 × 104

CaSO4

9.1 × 106

CaSO3

6.8 × 108

Chromium Compounds

CrAsO4

7.7 × 1021

Cr(OH)2

2 × 1016

Cr(OH)3

6.3 × 1031

CrPO4·4H2O green§

2.4 × 1023

CrPO4·4H2O violet§

1.0 × 1017

Cobalt Compounds

Co3(AsO4)2

7.6 × 1029

CoCO3

1.4 × 1013

Co(OH)2 fresh

1.6 × 1015

Co(OH)3

1.6 × 1044

CoHPO4

2 × 107

Co3(PO4)2

2 × 1035

Copper Compounds

CuBr

5.3 × 109

CuCl

1.2 × 106

CuCN

3.2 × 1020

CuI

1.1 × 1012

CuOH

1 × 1014

CuSCN

4.8 × 1015

Cu3(AsO4)2

7.6 × 1036

CuCO3

1.4 × 1010

Cu2[Fe(CN)6]

1.3 × 1016

Cu(OH)2

2.2 × 1020

Cu3(PO4)2

1.3 × 1037

Gold Compounds

AuCl

2.0 × 1013

AuI

1.6 × 1023

AuCl3

3.2 × 1025

Au(OH)3

5.5 × 1046

AuI3

1 × 1046

Iron Compounds

FeCO3

3.2 × 1011

Fe(OH)2

8.0 × 1016

FeC2O4·2H2O§

3.2 × 107

FeAsO4

5.7 × 1021

Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3

3.3 × 1041

Fe(OH)3

4 × 1038

FePO4

1.3 × 1022

Lead Compounds

Pb3(AsO4)2

4.0 × 1036

PbBr2

4.0 × 105

PbCO3

7.4 × 1014

PbCl2

1.6 × 105

PbCrO4

2.8 × 1013

PbF2

2.7 × 108

Pb(OH)2

1.2 × 1015

PbI2

7.1 × 109

PbC2O4

4.8 × 1010

PbHPO4

1.3 × 1010

Pb3(PO4)2

8.0 × 1043

PbSeO4

1.4 × 107

PbSO4

1.6 × 108

Pb(SCN)2

2.0 × 105

Magnesium Compounds

Mg3(AsO4)2

2.1 × 1020

MgCO3

3.5 × 108

MgCO3·3H2O§

2.1 × 105

MgC2O4

4.83 × 106

MgF2

6.5 × 109

Mg(OH)2

1.8 × 1011

Mg3(PO4)2

1023 to 1027

MgSeO3

1.3 × 105

MgSO3

3.2 × 103

MgNH4PO4

2.5 × 1013

Manganese Compounds

Mn3(AsO4)2

1.9 × 1029

MnCO3

1.8 × 1011

Mn2[Fe(CN)6]

8.0 × 1013

Mn(OH)2

1.9 × 1013

MnC2O4·2H2O§

1.1 × 1015

Mercury Compounds

Hg2Br2

5.6 × 1023

Hg2CO3

8.9 × 1017

Hg2(CN)2

5 × 1040

Hg2Cl2

1.3 × 1018

Hg2CrO4

2.0 × 109

Hg(OH)2

2.0 × 1024

Hg2I2

4.5 × 1029

Hg2SO4

7.4 × 107

Hg2SO3

1.0 × 1027

Hg2(OH)2

2.0 × 1024

Hg(OH)2

3.0 × 1026

Nickel Compounds

Ni3(AsO4)2

3.1 × 1026

NiCO3

6.6 × 109

2 Ni(CN)2 ⇌ Ni2+ + Ni(CN)42

1.7 × 109

Ni2[Fe(CN)6]

1.3 × 1015

Ni(OH)2 fresh

2.0 × 1015

NiC2O4

4 × 1010

Ni3(PO4)2

5 × 1031

Silver Compounds

Ag3AsO4

1.0 × 1022

AgBr

5.0 × 1013

Ag2CO3

8.1 × 1012

AgCl

1.8 × 1010

Ag2CrO4

1.1 × 1012

AgCN

1.2 × 1016

Ag2Cr2O7

2.0 × 107

Ag4[Fe(CN)6]

1.6 × 1041

AgOH

2.0 × 108

AgI

8.3 × 1017

Ag3PO4

1.4 × 1016

Ag2SO4

1.4 × 105

Ag2SO3

1.5 × 1014

AgSCN

1.0 × 1012

Strontium Compounds

Sr3(AsO4)2

8.1 × 1019

SrCO3

1.1 × 1010

SrCrO4

2.2 × 105

SrC2O4·H2O§

1.6 × 107

Sr3(PO4)2

4.0 × 1028

SrSO4

3.2 × 107

SrSO3

4 × 108

Tin Compounds

Sn(OH)2

1.4 × 1028

Sn(OH)4

1 × 1056

Zinc Compounds

Zn3(AsO4)2

1.3 × 1028

ZnCO3

1.4 × 1011

Zn2[Fe(CN)6]

4.0 × 1016

Zn(OH)2

1.2 × 1017

ZnC2O4

2.7 × 108

Zn3(PO4)2

9.0 × 1033

From Patnaik, P., Dean's Analytical Chemistry Handbook, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004, Table 4.2.
No metal sulfides are listed in this table because sulfide ion is such a strong base that the usual solubility product equilibrium equation does not apply. See Myers, R. J. Journal of Chemical Education, Vol. 63, 1986, pp. 687-690.
From Meites, L. Ed. Handbook of Analytical Chemistry, 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963.
§Because [H2O] does not appear in equilibrium constants for equilibria in aqueous solution in general, it does not appear in the Ksp expressions for hydrated solids.
From "Solubility Product Constants of Inorganic Salts," in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 101st Edition (Internet Version 2020), John R. Rumble, ed., CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL.

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