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Conditional and conditional perfect tenses

The endings of the conditional are the same for all verbs.

They are ei, —esti, —ebbe, —emmo, —este, —ebbero.

They are added to the same stem as that used for the future (ex. parler— ; dormirer—)

parlare                                                                  fare

parlerei           parleremmo                                 farei            faremmo

parleresti        parlereste                                    faresti         fareste

parlerebbe       parlerebbero                                farebbe        farebbero

 

The following are some of the irregular stems used for the future and the conditional; note that these irregular stems all end in —r.

Infinitive            irregular stem                1st sing. future, conditional

andare                  andr—                               andrò, andrei

avere                     avr—                                 avrò, avrei

essere                    sar—                                 sarò, sarei

potere                   potr—                               potrò, potrei

sapere                   sapr—                              saprò, saprei

vedere                   vedr—                              vedrò vedrei

venire                   verr—                               verrò, verrei

volere                   vorr—                               vorrò, vorrei

 

The conditional translates “would” plus the meaning of the verb:

Parlerei I should (would) speak;

Avreste you would have

The conditional perfect, which is formed by adding the past participle of the main verb to the conditional of the auxiliary (avere or essere), translates “should have” or “would have” plus the meaning of the past participle:

Avrebbero parlato They would have talked.

Compare the future with the conditional in the following examples:

parleremo (future)                  parleremmo (conditional)

parlerete (future)                    parlereste (conditional)


VOCABULARY

al pari di
like
conseguente
consistent, coherent
dettero
gave (3d. pl. past abs., dare)
dimenticare
to forget
dolce
sweet, pleasant
fossero
were (3d. pl. impf. subj., essere)
frenare
to restrain, to check
giudicare
to judge
grossolano
rough, coarse
impedire
to prevent
impiegare
to use, to employ
improvviso
unexpected, sudden
indagine (f.)
inquiry, investigation
in grado di
able (to), in a position (to)
nemmeno
not even
nondimeno
nevertheless
promosso
promoted, provoked, brought about (past part., promuovere)
provare
to feel, to experience; to prove
salvo
safe, secure
serbare
to keep, to preserve
suddito
subject
trapasso
transition
trascinare
to drag; to fascinate
valore
value, valor

 

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Italian for Reading & Translation Copyright © by Lauren Surovi and Carleton W. Carroll. All Rights Reserved.

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