Unit 11: Introduction to the subjunctive, commands, translation considerations (part 2)

11.7 The Present Perfect Subjunctive

The present perfect subjunctive is formed by the present subjunctive of the auxiliary verb haber + past participle:

Decir

haya dicho I have said/ told
hayas dicho you (fam.) have said/ told
haya dicho he/she/you (form.) have said/told
hayamos dicho we have said/told
hayáis dicho you (fam. pl.) have said/told
hayan dicho they/you (form. pl. [fam. pl. in L.A.]) have said/told

This tense is used when one of the conditions cuing the subjunctive exists (see section 11.3) and the time frame of the subordinate clause is present perfect (see section 10.6):

Es dudoso que la ladrona haya vuelto. It’s doubtful that the thief has returned.
Es una lástima que Jacobo se haya enfermado. It’s a pity that Jacobo has gotten sick.
Espero que hayan resuelto la cuestión. I hope you/they have resolved the issue.

 

License

Icon for the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Spanish for Reading and Translation Copyright © by Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

Share This Book