Unit 10: Structures with “hacer,” introduction to perfect tenses, translation considerations (part 1)
Unit 10: Basic Vocabulary
Adverbios:
| aún |
still, yet |
| acá |
here (used for motion toward the speaker) |
| ahí |
there (nearby) |
| allá |
there (far away) |
| infelizmente |
unfortunately |
| ni siquiera |
not even |
| súbitamente |
suddenly |
Conjunciones:
| puesto que |
because, as, since |
| ya que |
because, as, since |
Expresiones:
| a su vez |
in (his, her, their) turn |
| cambiar de idea |
to change one’s mind |
| con (mucho) gusto |
with (much) pleasure, gladly |
| dar lo mismo |
to make no difference |
| en cambio |
on the other hand |
| en lugar de |
instead of, in place of |
| estar de acuerdo (con) |
to be in agreement, to agree (with) |
| estar de buen (mal) humor |
to be in a good (bad) mood |
| hacer hincapié en |
to stress, to emphasize, to insist on |
| pedir prestado |
to borrow* |
| por excelencia |
par excellence |
| por otra parte |
on the other hand |
| quedar en (+inf.) |
to agree (to do something) |
| quedarse con |
to keep (something) |
| tener voluntad |
to be willing, to feel like |
*The past participle here functions as an adjective and agrees in number and gender with what was borrowed. Spanish has no one verb meaning “to borrow.”
Sustantivos:
| el/la abogado/-a |
lawyer, attorney |
| el amo/-a de casa |
stay-at-home dad/mom |
| el asunto |
matter, issue, question (not interrogative) |
| la cuestión |
issue, question (not interrogative) |
| el cura |
priest |
| la cura |
cure |
| el derecho |
right, law (field of study) |
| la falta |
lack (false friend) |
| el/ la juez/ jueza |
judge |
| el juicio |
judgment, trial, verdict; opinion (a mi juicio) |
| la monja |
nun |
| la muchedumbre |
crowd |
| las noticias |
news (la noticia– piece of news) |
| el papel |
role, paper |
| la pérdida |
loss |
| el/la periodista |
journalist |
| el préstamo |
loan |
| el presupuesto |
budget |
| el principio |
beginning; principle |
| el/la rabino/-a |
rabbi |
| el testigo |
witness |
Verbos:
| agradecer |
to thank, to be grateful for |
| apoyar |
to support (politically, emotionally), to lean (physically) |
| aumentar |
to increase (cognate: augment) |
| cambiar |
to change |
| carecer |
to lack |
| cargar |
to charge (to an account), to load |
| comportarse (bien/mal) |
to behave (well/badly) |
| deprimir |
to depress* |
| desobedecer |
to disobey |
| dibujar |
to draw |
| elegir |
to elect |
| equivocarse |
to make a mistake (false friend) |
| fabricar |
to manufacture (cognate: to fabricate) |
| guardar |
to save (something for someone) |
| hallar |
to find |
| invertir (ie) |
to invest |
| juzgar |
to judge |
| lograr |
to manage (to do something), to obtain, to achieve |
| llenar |
to fill |
| llorar |
to cry |
| manejar |
to manage, to handle, to drive |
| merecer |
to deserve |
| meter(se) |
to put (to meddle) |
| molestar |
to bother (false friend) |
| montar |
to put together, to assemble |
| obedecer |
to obey |
| poseer |
to possess, to own |
| realizar |
to achieve, to carry out (false friend); to realize (a dream, a goal)** |
| renunciar (a) |
to resign (from) (false friend) |
| significar |
to mean |
| solicitar |
to apply for, to solicit |
*Almost all verbs ending in -primir correspond to those in English ending in “-press”: The meanings of reprimir, oprimir, suprimir, etc. should now be readily deducible. One exception is imprimir, which means “to print” (or “to imprint”) not to “impress,” which is rendered by impresionar.
**Realizar also may translate as “to realize” but only in limited circumstances, such as Claudio realizó su sueño de estudiar en Santiago (“Claudio realized his dream of studying in Santiago.”) Remember that “to realize,” when it means “to become aware of,” is expressed by darse cuenta (de).
