Unit 12: More uses of SE, future and conditional tenses
12.7 The Conditional Tense
The conditional tense of regular verbs is formed with the infinitive as the stem and uses the same endings as does the imperfect tense of –er and –ir verbs.
ir
Person | Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1st | iría | I would go | iríamos | we would go |
2nd | irías | you (fam.) would go | iríais | you (fam. pl.) would go |
3rd | iría | he/she/ you would (form.) go | irían | they/you (form. pl. in Sp.) [fam. pl. in L.A.] would go |
Be careful to look for the infinitive + the endings, to distinguish the conditional tense from the imperfect tense of –er and –ir verbs:
comíamos | we were eating (used to eat, ate ) |
comeríamos | we would eat |
The same verbs that have an irregular stem in the future tense have the same irregular stem in the conditional tense:
decir | diría, dirías, diría, diríamos, diríais, dirían |
haber | habría, habrías, habría, etc. |
hacer | haría, harías, haría, etc. |
poder | podría, podrías, podría, etc. |
poner | pondría, pondrías, pondría, etc. |
querer | querría, querrías, querría, etc. |
saber | sabría, sabrías, sabría, etc. |
salir | saldría, saldrías, saldría, etc. |
tener | tendría, tendrías, tendría, etc. |
valer | valdría, valdrías, valdría, etc. |
venir | vendría, vendrías, vendría, etc. |
caber (to fit) | cabría, cabrías, cabría, etc. |
The conditional tense is used and translated in Spanish as it is in English:
Me dijo que vendría a las ocho. | She told me she would come at eight o’clock. |
¿Harías eso jamás? | Would you ever do that? |
Building on what you know: similarities between future and conditional tenses
The conditional and future tenses share much in common:
- Both use the infinitive as the stem (unlike all other verb tenses studied so far).
- In both tenses, the same verbs have irregular stems.
- Their use is analogous. The conditional tense expresses what would happen in the future from a past point in time (Ayer me dijo que estaría aquí. [“Yesterday he told me he would be here.”) versus the future tense, from a present point in time Hoy me dice que estará aquí. [“Today he tells me that he will be here.”]).
¡Ojo! Some verbs have very similar forms in the conditional and imperfect tenses. Pay close attention to quería (imperfect) and querría (conditional). Two verbs similar in form that are easily confused are hacer and haber. Be careful to distinguish between haría (I/he/she/you would do) and habría (there would be).
Now that all of the simple (one-word) indicative tenses have been studied, for purposes of comparison, see the following chart:
Llegar (To arrive) | Translation | |
---|---|---|
present | llego | I arrive/am arriving/ do arrive/ (will arrive) |
imperfect | llegaba | I arrived/ was arriving/ used to arrive |
preterite | llegué | I arrived |
future | llegaré | I will arrive |
conditional | llegaría | I would arrive |
present participle | llegando | arriving |
past participle | llegado | arrived |